Ahmet Bedirhan Arvas 
Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin has proposed new changes regarding scalability issues in Ethereum’s proof-of-stake (PoS) system. These proposals anticipate a fundamental shift in managing validator signatures within the PoS framework.
Currently, Ethereum operates with 895,000 validating objects, aiming to encourage decentralization and broad participation in staking. However, this system struggles with transaction intensity that involves numerous signatures.
At the core of Vitalik Buterin’s proposal is a change aiming to eliminate the continual increase in the number of signatures. This involves focusing on decentralized staking pools, potentially increasing the minimum deposit size, and imposing an upper limit on the number of validators.
Moreover, Buterin’s proposal includes a two-layered system: the first layer serves as a heavy layer ensuring finality, and the second layer provides additional security in a lighter structure.
This approach introduces the concept of rotating participation for a selected subset of validators for each slot. Participation probabilities in this process are determined based on the stake size. Buterin’s proposal aims to contribute to the future development of Ethereum by offering a solution to the challenges faced in the PoS mechanism.
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